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How to cultivation cenggkeh with clove seeds will produce 100 kg per tree, of course, to be coupled with maintenance and good care. Even clove tree with seed quality and good care in addition to providing the maximum results can also survive for hundreds of years and remain productive. Such as clove AFO in Ternate, for example, although more than 350 years old but the tree is still prolific flowering.
To find out how the cultivation of cloves there are several steps that must be taken to ensure that at the time of planting cloves way, we can know the restrictions that may hamper the development of plants.
SOIL CONDITIONS
Cloves plant requires good soil structure, ie loose, not berpadas, coated clay and sandy soils (young volcanic soils), these lands are less suitable for growing cloves, because it is too easy to lose water.
For the maintenance of soil cultivation should be done so that the soil is not hardened, ground-breaking is done twice a year. And intensive treatment on the clove
plant should be carried out since the start of the nursery to adults.
CLIMATE
The nature of climate is crucial to success in this clove cultivation. Clove plants can not stand the drought, because of the dryness of the clove tree can result in death (in young trees 1-2 years), dead twigs (adult trees), less productive (an old tree).
Clove plant requires rainfall between 2000-3500 mm, but are evenly throughout the year. However, although many much needed aiar, when the rainfall is too high, ie above 4,000 mm and the resulting muddy excess will result in death.
Due to continuous rain will cause damage to the interest of young and can stimulate the growth of moss on branches and twigs that could mnyebabkan breaking twigs and branches.
Cloves fits perfectly with the warm temperatures and not too damp, therefore, the spacing of the clove tree must be quite broad, between 8 x 8 meters. So that good air circulation around the tree. Cloves also urgently need enough sunlight, especially during flowering.
TEKHNIK SEED PRODUCTION FOR BREEDING
To obtain the clove plant productive and quality, so farmers must be able to produce quality seeds for breeding purposes. The terms of parent trees are worth taking seeds:
● The tree healthy
Ramifications starting from the bottom and meetings
● The leaves are lush and never get sick
● He’s 10 years and over
Wherever possible the continuous flowering
● The trees will be taken seeds should be treated specifically and privileged, among others, by way of fertilizers much. Dose of fertilizer should be greater than the clove trees were not dibijikan. The ground around the tree to be taken seeds must digemburkan and if necessary coupled with manure.
Cloves that have been chosen to take the seeds for seeding or seeding process, preferably most of the interest is not picked and left 5-10% each tree.
Seeds whose quality is good usually located on the top part, because the seeds are larger and almost no empty.
The seeds are seeds that have been learned are black, purple and some have fallen. These seeds cook approximately October / November. So roughly 4-5 months after harvest, or 9-10 months from going to flower.
After that, after all the seeds were collected ripe, freshly peeled. Peeling is done carefully to avoid injury. Once peeled freshly washed with clean water, then sorted to separate the seeds poor like them; seed is too small, there is a black spot, kotilnya live one, or one clove but contains two seeds.
Once sorted and selected, clove seeds then soaked in clean water. If the seeds of good quality clove, then each kilogram contains 800-900 bbiji. Lastly, cloves taken the seeds for seeding purposes and nurseries usually was failing, for the fertilization after picking flowers or seeds are needed. Better yet, if coupled with a foliar fertilizer as Wuxal and Bayfolan, so the clove tree seeds taken quickly recover.
Seedbed AND BREEDING
Clove cultivation process usually starts from the nursery and nursery work. In order to obtain and produce clove trees are productive and qualified, then the breeding and nursery work should be done properly, carefully and thoroughly.
In choosing a nursery, there are several factors to consider:
● The soil should be fertile and easy irrigated (especially in the dry season)
● The seedbed should be protected from strong winds
● Strategically place (eg easy transporting seed and close to the planting areas)
STAGE WORK Seedbed:
→ Creating a peg or mark on the ground that will be dug. Maksimal175 cm width and a maximum length of 5 meters, or conditionally determined by looking at land or terrain.
→ Among the nursery beds were given water ditch approximately 50 cm.
→ break ground land to be made beds as deep as approximately 30 cm.
→ Clean grass and other weeds to the roots.
Cultivation was repeated 3 times to loosen the soil, then digulut approximately 20 cm above the surface of the trench.
→ Surroundings each gulutan / nursery beds were retaining (amping) so that seedbed soil does not dissolve in contact with water.
→ soil mixed with manure that has been cooked on average 1 tin per 3m² or conditional, see the intensity of soil fertility.
→ Install shade average height of 2 meters with thatched roofs, palm leaves or straw.
→ Each gukutan / beds sprayed with insecticides or mixed powder to kill caterpillars incex ground, digger, termites, and others, who are happy eating seedlings clove.
Once everything is ready, muulai seeds planted. Choose the best or superior quality seeds. Seeds can be supplied alone if the parent has a good cloves. If you do not have a good binih, sebaiknyya looking at the stores of agricultural or farming lembbaga institutions and reliable plant.
If the seeds of the seeds will be moved at the age of 1 year, then planting distance of 20 x 20 cm. if the seed from the seed will be moved at the age of 2 years, the planting distance of 30 x 30 cm.
Kecambahkan seed should at first, for about 5 days so straight and good root growth. How, seeds are placed in baskets of flat land given to taste. Clove seeds placed flat lined at the venue.
If you already germinated, then the seeds brought to the nursery, pulled out one by one and planted exactly in the neck root. In this way, the trunk and the roots will grow straight cloves so as to facilitate later planting in the planting area.
If there is no rain until 2-3 days in a row, then the seeds should be watered with sprinklers ceepat the smooth hole, so that the seeds do not bounced.
At the age of three months, the lands around the seeds before digemburkan with Solet (bamboo width of 2 fingers are thinned). In addition, grass and weeds need to be uprooted in order not rob nutrients in the soil into food rations seed cloves.
Tilling the soil at the same time accompanied by the provision of urea fertilizer with a dose ± 30 grams per m². tilling the soil and fertilizing in the same way done every once a month.
If seeds have four months old, the shade started thinned, so at the age of one year artificial shade can be opened, so that the seed gets a lot of sunlight. As more and more sunlight will affect the branching becomes good and healthy.
Seedlings can sipelihara in nursery until the age of 1-2 years, and the use of 2-year-old seedlings will be better on growth. Decision seeds must be careful not to root damaged
How to capture the seeds must be careful, try we undertake the seeds with soil so that the roots are not damaged, then the soil in which the roots can be wrapped in plastic and dried banana stem, or with other wrappers, the most important soil and the roots are not broken.
Having wrapped seeds, taro seed shady place for 1-2 weeks, as long as the seeds are stored should be sprayed with KOC 1-2% untu resist mildew growth on the leaves. It would be better if sprayed with insecticide.
Once stored 1-2 weeks, the seedlings wilt not be grown in planting area. Seedling mortality during playback occurs approximately 1% only. Withered seedlings usually grow fresh again. Shoots / dry dashed to accelerate growth should be cut further.
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